Innowacje w turystyce miejskiej oraz determinanty ich rozwoju
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18559/8rh6ha35Słowa kluczowe:
Turystyka miejska, Innowacje, Turystyka, Miasto, Rozwój miastaAbstrakt
Jednym z kluczowych czynników warunkujących konkurencyjność miast są innowacje. W turystyce występują one jednak rzadziej niż w innych sektorach gospodarki. Wynika to przede wszystkim ze specyficznych cech turystyki, między innymi fragmentaryczności podaży turystycznej, sezonowości czy dominacji małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie na specyficzne dla turystyki determinanty rozwoju i dyfuzji innowacji w turystyce miejskiej. Artykuł składa się z trzech punktów poprzedzonych wstępem. W pierwszym krótko przedstawiono pojęcie i dokonano typologii innowacji w sektorze turystycznym oraz wskazano, jaki ich rodzaj ma szczególne znaczenie dla rozwoju turystyki w miastach. W drugim omówiono trzy najważniejsze podejścia do analizy stymulant innowacyjności (Schumpeterowskie - podkreślające wagę przedsiębiorczości, Marshallowskie - wskazujące na rolę lokalizacji i powiązań sieciowych oraz popytowo-podażowe). Odnosząc się do tych podejść wskazano na cechy turystyki i sposób, w jaki osłabiają one lub uniemożliwiają występowanie określonych stymulant innowacji w turystyce miejskiej. W ostatnim punkcie zaprezentowano, w jaki sposób, biorąc pod uwagę specyfikę turystyki i wynikające z niej uwarunkowania, można umożliwić dyfuzję innowacji w miastach. Zasygnalizowano także kierunki przyszłych badań empirycznych w tym zakresie.
Pobrania
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