Les déterminants de la productivité agricole dans les pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne
Mots-clés :
productivité agricole, crédit agricole, infrastructuresRésumé
L'objectif : Dans ce papier, nous avons analysé les déterminants de la productivité agricole dans les pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne.
Conception/méthodologie/approche : La méthode des moments généralisés (GMM) a été retenue pour l'analyse des données. L'étude a porté sur 27 pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne et couvre la période allant de 2001 à 2018
Résultats : Les résultats montrent que le niveau de productivité actuelle à un effet positif et significatif sur le niveau de productivité future dans les pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne. Cela stipule que si ces pays veulent réaliser des gains substantiels de productivité pour les périodes à venir, ils doivent dès lors commencer à améliorer leur niveau de productivité actuelle. Les résultats montrent également que le crédit accordé au secteur agricole et les infrastructures permettent d'améliorer la productivité agricole. Les pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne devraient accroître les investissements dans les infrastructures et renforcer les mécanismes de financement du secteur agricole notamment à travers le développement des crédits intrants agricoles pour les petits producteurs.
Originalité/valeur : Afin d'analyser les déterminants de la productivité agricole dans les pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne, nous intégrons la valeur retardée de la productivité agricole comme variable explicative. L'existence d'une telle relation explique pourquoi la productivité agricole n'a guère évolué dans les pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne d'une part et d'autre part la forte proportion de la main d'œuvre au fil du temps dans le secteur agricole de ces pays contrairement aux pays développés.
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