Démocratie et croissance economique : Une analyse comparative entre pays francophones et anglophones d’Afrique subsaharienne
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18559/rielf.2024.2.1980Mots-clés :
démocratie, croissance économique, francophone, anglophoneRésumé
Objectif : L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les canaux de transmission des effets de la démocratie sur la croissance économique à travers une analyse comparative entre dix-huit pays francophones et dix-huit pays anglophones d’Afrique subsaharienne.
Conception/méthodologie/approche : L’approche adoptée à consister à établir un système d’équations simultanées estimé par la technique des triples moindres carrés en utilisant des données de panel sur la période 2000–2017.
Résultats : Les résultats montrent que d’un côté, la démocratie exerce un effet positif sur la croissance économique à travers le canal des dépenses publiques et un effet négatif sur la croissance à travers le canal de la corruption dans les pays francophones. De l’autre côté, les résultats révèlent que la démocratie influence positivement la croissance économique à travers le canal des dépenses publiques et celui des investissements dans les pays anglophones. Par ailleurs, l’analyse conforte l’idée selon laquelle les pays anglophones connaissent plus de progrès économique contrairement aux pays francophones grâce au fonctionnement de leur système démocratique.
Originalité/valeur : L’originalité réside dans l’analyse de l’effet mitigé de la démocratie sur la croissance économique en faisant la différence entre les groupes de pays francophones et anglophones d’Afrique subsaharienne. L’article a permis de suggérer des actions en termes de renforcement des institutions pour un meilleur fonctionnement de la démocratie dans les pays africains francophones comme anglophones.
JEL Classification
Panel Data Models • Spatio-temporal Models (C33)
Economic Growth of Open Economies (F43)
Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development (O11)
Institutions and Growth (O43)
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(c) Copyright Dramane Abdoulaye 2024
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