Déterminants de la malnutrition des enfants au Togo : une analyse par les disparités selon le milieu de résidence
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18559/rielf.2021.2.11Mots-clés :
malnutrition, décomposition d’Oaxaca et de Blinder, disparité, retard de croissance, insuffisance pondéraleRésumé
L'objectif de ce papier est d'analyser les principaux déterminants susceptibles d'influencer le statut nutritionnel des enfants de moins de cinq ans au Togo. La régression logistique est utilisée pour analyser l'effet des facteurs socioéconomiques sur la malnutrition et ensuite, une méthode de décomposition des facteurs (décomposition d'Oaxaca et de Blinder) a permis d'analyser les sources de l'écart de la prévalence de la malnutrition chronique dans le milieu urbain et rural du Togo. Les données utilisées proviennent de l'enquête MICS, 2017. Les enfants résidant en milieu rural et dont l'âge est compris entre 6 et 59 mois sont susceptibles de manifester le retard de croissance. La richesse des ménages et le niveau d'éducation des mères sont également liés à la malnutrition chronique. Un enfant né avec un intervalle de naissance inférieur ou égal à 2 ans a 59% de chance de manifester le retard de croissance. Les résultats de la décomposition montrent que la différence dans la prévalence du retard de croissance provient des caractéristiques spécifiques à ces milieux. L'écart expliqué dans cette décomposition est en majorité l'inégalité des revenus mesurée par l'indice de richesse.
Téléchargements
Références
Agbodji, A. E., Abalo, K., & Batana, Y. M. (2014). Nutritional health inequalities among children in Togo. African Development Review, 26(4), 584–596.
View in Google Scholar
Ahmed, T., Roy, S., Alam, N., & Hossain, M. I. (2012). Determinants of undernutrition in children under 2 years of age from rural Bangladesh. Indian Pediatrics, 49(10), 821‒824.
View in Google Scholar
Alderman, H., Hoddinott, J., & Kinsey, B. (2003). Long-term consequences of early childhood malnutrition. (FCND Discussion Paper No. 168).
View in Google Scholar
Ambel, A., Andrews, C., Bakilana, A., Foster, E., Khan, Q., & Wang, H. (2015). Maternal and child health inequalities in Ethiopia. (World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 7508).
View in Google Scholar
Armar-Klemesu, M., Ruel, M. T., Maxwell, D. G., Levin, C. E., & Morris, S. S. (2000). Poor maternal schooling is the main constraint to good child care practices in Accra. The Journal of Nutrition, 130(6), 1597‒1607.
View in Google Scholar
Audibert, M. (2009, March). Issues and challenges of measurement of health: Prepared for the African economic research consortium “Health, Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Africa”. (Framework Papers Review Workshop, 1‒32).
View in Google Scholar
Babatunde, R. O., & Qaim, M. (2010). Impact of off-farm income on food security and nutrition in Nigeria. Food Policy, 35(4), 303‒311.
View in Google Scholar
Babatunde, R. O., Olagunju, F. I., Fakayode, S. B., & Sola-Ojo, F. E. (2011). Prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among under-five children of farming households in Kwara State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(3), 173‒181.
View in Google Scholar
Bauer, T. K., & Sinning, M. (2007). An extension of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition to nonlinear models. AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis, 92(2), 197‒206.
View in Google Scholar
Becker, G. S. (1965). A theory of the allocation of time. The Economic Journal, 75(299), 493‒517.
View in Google Scholar
Bhagowalia, P., Menon, P., Quisumbing, A. R., & Sundararajan, V. (2012). What dimensions of women empowerment matter most for child nutrition. (International Food Policy Research Institute Discussion Paper, 345‒398).
View in Google Scholar
Dasgupta, P., & Ray, D. (1986). Inequality as a determinant of malnutrition and unemployment: Theory. The Economic Journal, 96(384), 1011‒1034.
View in Google Scholar
DaVanzo, J., & Gertler, P. (1990). Household production of health: A microeconomic pers- pective on health transitions. A Rand note. Santa Monica: RAND.
View in Google Scholar
Demissie, S., & Worku, A. (2013). Magnitude and factors associated with malnutrition in children 6‒59 months of age in pastoral community of Dollo Ado district, Somali region, Ethiopia. Science Journal of Public Health, 1(4), 175‒183.
View in Google Scholar
Dewey, K., & Begum, K. (2011). Long-term consequences of stunting in early life. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 7, 5‒18.
View in Google Scholar
D’Haese, M., Vink, N., Nkunzimana, T., Van Damme, E., Van Rooyen, J., Remaut, A. M., ... & D’Haese, L. (2013). Improving food security in the rural areas of KwaZuluNatal province, South Africa: Too little, too slow. Development Southern Africa, 30(4‒5), 468‒490.
View in Google Scholar
Di Cesare, M., Bhatti, Z., Soofi, S. B., Fortunato, L., Ezzati, M., & Bhutta, Z. (2015). Geographical and socioeconomic inequalities in women and children’s nutritional status in Pakistan in 2011: An analysis of data from a nationally representative survey. Lancet Glob Health, 3, 229‒239.
View in Google Scholar
Egata, A. D., & Nida, A. W. (2019). The burden and underlying determinants of under nutrition among under five year children in Gurage Zone. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(4), 66‒72.
View in Google Scholar
Eleojo, A. A., Charles, U. C., & Inikpi, O. (2019). Prevalence and determinants of malnutrition in under five children in selected health facilities in Egume, Kogi State, Nigeria. European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety, 9(2)182‒191.
View in Google Scholar
Fairlie, R. W. (1999). The absence of the African-American owned business: An analysis of the dynamics of self-employment. Journal of Labor Economics, 17, 80–108.
View in Google Scholar
Fairlie, R. W. (2006). An extension of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique to logit and probit models. (IZA Discussion Papers, No. 1917). Bonn: Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
View in Google Scholar
Fakir, A. M. S., & Khan, M. W. R. (2015). Determinants of malnutrition among urban slum children in Bangladesh. Health Economics Review, 5(1), 22.
View in Google Scholar
FAO, FIDA & PAM. (2015). L’état de l’insécurité alimentaire dans le monde 2015. Objectifs internationaux 2015 de réduction de la faim: des progrès inégaux. Rome: FAO.
View in Google Scholar
Fox, K., & Heaton, T. B. (2012). Child nutritional status by rural/urban residence: A cross‐ national analysis. The Journal of Rural Health, 28(4), 380‒391.
View in Google Scholar
Grossman, M. (1972). On the concept of health capital and the demand for health. The Journal of Political Economy, 80(2), 223‒255.
View in Google Scholar
Kabubo-Mariara, J., Ndenge, G. K., & Mwabu, D. K. (2009). Determinants of children’s nutritional status in Kenya: Evidence from demographic and health surveys. Journal of African Economies, 18(3), 363‒387.
View in Google Scholar
Lakshminarayananet, S., & Jayalakshmy, R. (2015). Diarrheal diseases among children in India: Current scenario and future perspectives. Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine, 6(1), 24‒28.
View in Google Scholar
Linnemayr, S., & Alderman, H. (2008). Determinants of malnutrition in Senegal: Individual, household, community variables and their interaction. Economics and Human Biology, 6, 252–263.
View in Google Scholar
Marmot, M. (2005). Social determinants of health inequalities. Lancet, 365, 1099‒1040. McLeod, M. E. (2003). The caring physician: A journey in self-exploration and selfcare. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 98(10), 10‒13.
View in Google Scholar
McMichael, A. J. (2000). The urban environment and health in a world of increasing globalization: Issues for developing countries. Bull World Health Organ, 9(78), 1117‒1126. MICS6. (2017). Suivi de la situation des enfants et des femmes. Enquête par grappes à indicateurs multiples. Rapport final. Lomé: UNICEF.
View in Google Scholar
Moor, V. J. A., Biapa, P. C. N, Pieme, C. A., & Ngogang, J. (2017). Hypolipidemic effect and activation of Lecithin Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (LCAT) by aqueous extract of Spirulina platensis during toxicological investigation. BMC Nutrition, 3(1), 25.
View in Google Scholar
Mosley, W. H., & Chen, L. C. (1984). An analytical framework for the study of child survival in developing countries. Population and Development Review, 10(1984), 25‒45. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2807954
View in Google Scholar
Müller, O., & Krawinkel, M. (2005). Malnutrition and health in developing countries. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 173(3), 279‒286.
View in Google Scholar
Omran, A. (2005). The epidemiologic transition: A theory of the epidemiology of population change. Milbank, 83(4), 731‒757.
View in Google Scholar
OMS. (2017). L’état de la sécurité alimentaire et de la nutrition dans le monde. Renforcer la résilience pour favoriser la paix et la sécurité alimentaire. Rome: FAO.
View in Google Scholar
Pal, S. (1999). An analysis of childhood malnutrition in rural India: Role of gender, income and other household characteristics. World Development, 27(7), 1151‒1171.
View in Google Scholar
Pitt, M. M., & Rosenzweig, M. R. (1990). Estimating the intrahousehold incidence of illness: Child health and gender-inequality in the allocation of time. International Economic Review, 31(4), 969‒980.
View in Google Scholar
QUIBB. (2015). Questionnaire des indicateurs de base du bien-être. Rapport final-TOGO. Rabbi, A. M. F., & Karmaker, S. C. (2015). Determinants of child malnutrition in Bangladesh: A multivariate approach. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 6(2), 85‒90.
View in Google Scholar
Reardon, T., Timmer, C. P., & Berdegué, J. (2003). The rise of supermarkets in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. American Agricultural Economics Association, 85(5), 1140‒1146.
View in Google Scholar
Robinson, M. R., Daniel, L. C., O’Hara, E. A., & Barakat, L. P. (2014). Insurance status as a sociodemographic risk factor for functional outcomes and health-related quality of life among youth with sickle cell disease. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, 36(1), 51.
View in Google Scholar
Sandler, A., & Sun, L. (2019, December 18). Evaluating the latent determinants of childhood malnutrition: A hierarchical analysis of Nigeria and Kenya. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3506163
View in Google Scholar
Schultz, T. (1982). Women’s work and their status: Rural India evidence of labour market and environmental effects on sex differences in childhood mortality. In M. Anker, N. H. Bunivic & H. Youssef (Eds.), Women’s roles and population trends in the Third World (pp . 202‒2636). London: Croom Helm.
View in Google Scholar
Sharaf, M., & Rashad, A. S. (2016). Regional inequalities in child malnutrition in Egypt, Jordan, and Yemen: A Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis. Health Economics Review, 6(1), 23.
View in Google Scholar
Singh, S., Srivastava, S., & Upadhyay, A. K. (2019). Socio-economic inequality in malnutri- tion among children in India: An analysis of 640 districts from National Family Health Survey. International Journal for Equity in Health, 18(203), 29‒36.
View in Google Scholar
Srinivasan, C. S., Zanello, G., & Shankar, B. (2013). Rural-urban disparities in child nutrition in Bangladesh and Nepal. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 581.
View in Google Scholar
Strauss, J., & Thomas, D. (1998). Health, nutrition, and economic development. Journal of Economic Literature, 36(2), 766‒817.
View in Google Scholar
Streeten, P. (1995). Human development means and ends. (UNDP Roundtable on Global Change Paper No. 6).
View in Google Scholar
Thomas, D., & Frankenberg, E. (2002). Health, nutrition and prosperity: A microeconomic perspective. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 80(01), 106‒113.
View in Google Scholar
Tsiko, R. G. (2015). Bayesian spatial analysis of childhood diseases in Zimbabwe. BMC Public Health, 15(842), 1‒24.
View in Google Scholar
UNICEF. (2017, July). Rapport annuel. Côte d’Ivoire: Fonds des Nations Unies pour l’En- fance.
View in Google Scholar
Victora, C., Adair, L., Fall, C., Hallal, P., Martorell, R., Richter, L., & Sachdev, H. (2008). Maternal and child undernutrition: Consequences for adult health and human capital. Lancet, 371, 340–357.
View in Google Scholar
Wagstaff, A., O’Donnell, O., & Van Doorslaer, E. (2012). Decomposition of inequalities in health and health care. In A. M. Jones (Ed.), The Elgar companion to health economics (2nd ed., chapter 17). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
View in Google Scholar
Webb, P., & Block, S. (2004). Nutrition information and formal schooling as inputs to child nutrition. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 52(4), 801‒820.
View in Google Scholar
Yangchen, S., Tobgay, T., & Melgaard, B. (2017). Bhutanese health and the health care system: Past, present, and future. The Druk Journal, 2(1), 110.
View in Google Scholar
Zhang, F., Lee, Y. C. A., Yi, C., Alder, S. C., Lin, G., & He, L. (2020). Dietary intakes, eating habits and socioeconomic determinants of childhood malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in rural Lingshui county, Hainan, China: A case-control study. One Health Bulletin, 1(1), 29.
View in Google Scholar
Téléchargements
Publiée
Numéro
Rubrique
Licence
(c) Copyright Poznań University of Economics and Business 2021
Ce travail est disponible sous la licence Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International .
