Inégalités éducatives vs productivité du travail en Afrique subsaharienne
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18559/rielf.2025.2.2703Mots-clés :
inégalités éducatives, productivité du travail, capital humain, Afrique subsaharienneRésumé
Objectif : Cet article vise analyse les effets des inégalités éducatives sur la productivité du travail en Afrique subsaharienne.
Conception/méthodologie/approche : La méthode des panels à effets fixes a été retenue pour l’analyse des données. L’étude a porté sur 30 pays de l’Afrique subsaharienne et couvre la période allant de 2008 à 2019.
Résultats : Les résultats montrent que les inégalités éducatives influencent négativement la productivité du travail. Cela stipule que les inégalités éducatives liées, entre autres, aux disparités d’accès aux matériels et équipements pédagogiques, aux allocations budgétaires, du personnel de qualité, aux infrastructures et aux acquis de connaissances scolaires entraînent des conséquences négatives sur la productivité du travail. Cependant, la liberté du travail,
le taux de pénétration en téléphonie mobile et la qualité des institutions ont un effet positif sur la productivité. L’augmentation de la productivité du travail nécessite de renforcer les investissements dans les infrastructures scolaires, notamment en zones rurales.
Originalité/valeur : Cette étude apporte des perspectives novatrices à l’analyse des effets économiques de l’éducation, en soulignant l’effet déterminant des inégalités éducatives sur la productivité du travail. Les pouvoirs publics devraient renforcer les investissements dans les politiques de gratuité de l’école primaire et d’extension des cantines scolaires : les investissements dans le capital humain des groupes défavorisés, en particulier chez les enfants, s’avèrent être les plus rentables.
JEL Classification
Employment • Unemployment • Wages • Intergenerational Income Distribution • Aggregate Human Capital • Aggregate Labor Productivity (E24)
Education and Inequality (I24)
Human Capital • Skills • Occupational Choice • Labor Productivity (J24)
Human Resources • Human Development • Income Distribution • Migration (O15)
Africa (O55)
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