L'effet des politiques d'aide à la santé sur le développement sanitaire et économique en Afrique subsaharienne
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18559/rielf.2021.2.7Mots-clés :
aide à la santé, état de santé, PIB, GMM, Afrique subsaharienneRésumé
L'objectif de ce papier est d'analyser l'effet des politiques d'aide à la santé sur le développement sanitaire et économique en Afrique subsaharienne sur la période 2002-2018. La méthodologie adoptée repose sur la méthode des moments généralisés (GMM) en système en panel dynamiques. Les résultats après estimations révèlent que, seules les aides accordées à la santé de Base et à la santé de la reproduction améliorent l'état de santé des populations. Pour une augmentation de 1% de ces aides, on peut sauver respectivement environ 6 et 2 vies sur 1000 naissances vivantes. Les résultats révèlent également que le capital santé (taux de mortalité infanto-juvénile) a un effet négatif sur le niveau du PIB à hauteur de 0,003%. Il ressort également que le service de la dette impacte négativement le PIB à hauteur de 0,003%. Cette recherche recommande donc l'orientation des politiques d'aide à la santé dans les pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne vers les dépenses pro-pauvre tels que la santé de base, la santé de la reproduction tout en allégeant les services de la dette pour permettre la capacité des pays pauvres à investir dans le capital humain tel que la santé.
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