This is an outdated version published on 2024-03-29. Read the most recent version.

Silver entrepreneurship: A golden opportunity for ageing society

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2024.1.1068

Keywords:

aging population, silver economy, entrepreneurship, silver entrepreneurship

Abstract

This paper aims to discuss the notion of silver entrepre-neurship in the context of the silver economy. Policy-wise knowing who silver entrepreneurs are and what it takes to support them is an essential step to productively managing the ageing population and promoting an age-ready but age-friendly approach to creating a sustainable economy and society in the new demographic reality. The paper provides a theoretical and empirical literature review of silver entre-preneurship to identify the current state of the art. It also identifies selected policies and strategies aiming to foster silver entrepreneurship, representing a more inclusive and age-diverse entrepreneurial landscape. The silver entrepre-neurship proves to be a challenging research field due to the elusive nature of entrepreneurship itself and the lack of universal definitions for this phenomenon.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahmad, N. H., Nasurdin, A. M., Halim, H.A., & Taghizadeh, S. K. (2014). The Pursuit of Entrepreneurial Initiatives at the "Silver" Age: From the Lens of Malaysian Silver Entrepreneurs. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 129, 305-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.681 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.681
View in Google Scholar

Accius, J, & Suh, J. Y. (2019). The Longevity Economy® Outlook: How People Ages 50 and Older Are Fueling Economic Growth, Stimulating Jobs, and Creating Opportunities for All. Washington. DC: AARP Thought Leadership, https://doi.org/10.26419/int.00042.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26419/int.00042.001
View in Google Scholar

Aksoy, Y., Basso, H. S., Smith, R. P., & Grasl, T. (2019). Demographic structure and macroeconomic trends. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 11(1), 193-222. https://doi.org/10.1257/mac.20170114 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/mac.20170114
View in Google Scholar

Altman, S. H., & Shactman, D. I. (Eds.). (2002). Policies for an aging society. JHU Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56021/9780801869075
View in Google Scholar

Bakewell, P. J. (1995). Silver and Entrepreneurship in Seventeenth-Century Potosí: The Life and Times of Antonio López de Quiroga. Austin TX: Southern Methodist University Press.
View in Google Scholar

Bloom, D. E., Canning, D., & Finlay, J. E. (2010). Population aging and economic growth in Asia. In The economic consequences of demographic change in East Asia, University of Chicago Press, 61-89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226386881.003.0003
View in Google Scholar

Bloom, D. E., Canning, D., & Lubet, A. (2015). Global population aging: facts, challenges, solutions & perspectives. Daedalus, 144(2), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1162/DAED_a_00332 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/DAED_a_00332
View in Google Scholar

Birsyada, M. I., & Permana, S. A. (2020). The business ethics of Kotagede's silver entrepreneurs from the kingdom to the modern era. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 30(2), 145-156. https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.20691 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.20691
View in Google Scholar

Bohlmann, C., Rauch, A., & Zacher, H. (2017). A lifespan perspective on entrepreneurship: Perceived opportunities and skills explain the negative association between age and entrepreneurial activity. Frontiers in Psychology, 8: 2015. https:/doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02015
View in Google Scholar

Barković Bojanić, I., & Erceg, A. (2017). Silver economy: demographic change and economic opportunity. In Conference Proceedings of 13th Interdisciplinary Management Research, Faculty of Economics Osijek and Hochschule Pforzheim University, 1005 – 1020.
View in Google Scholar

Botham, R. & Graves, A. (2009). The Grey Economy: How Third Age Entrepreneurs are Contributing to Growth. London: NESTA.
View in Google Scholar

Cannon, T. (2008). Silver entrepreneurship: new days, new ways. Working With Older People, 12(2), 30-33. https://doi.org/10.1108/13663666200800029 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13663666200800029
View in Google Scholar

Clarke, J. S., & Holt, R. (2019). Images of entrepreneurship: Using drawing to explore entrepreneurial experience. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 11, e00129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2019.e00129 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2019.e00129
View in Google Scholar

Cornet, G. (2014). Europe's 'Silver Economy': A potential source for economic growth? Gerontechnology, 13(3), 319-321. https://doi.org/10.4017/GT.2015.13.3.001.00. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4017/gt.2015.13.3.001.00
View in Google Scholar

Cristea, M., Noja, G. G., Stefea, P., & Sala, A. L. (2020). The impact of population aging and public health support on EU labor markets. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(4), 1439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041439 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041439
View in Google Scholar

Diez, R. C. Á., Esparza, R. M. V., Bañuelos-García, V. H., Santillán, M. T. V., Félix, B. I. L., & Luna, V. A. (2022). Silver economy and entrepreneurship, an emerging innovative area: An academic, scientific and business framework for building new knowledge. Iberoamerican Journal of Science Measurement and Communication, 2(3), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.47909/ijsmc.45 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47909/ijsmc.45
View in Google Scholar

Erceg A. (2020) Franchising for Aging Society-View from two Standpoints. In Barković Bojanić, I., & Erceg, A. (eds) Aging Society: Rethinking and Redesigning Retirement, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Economics in Osijek, 205-221.
View in Google Scholar

Estrin, S., & Mickiewicz, T. M. (2011). Entrepreneurship in transition economies: The role of institutions and generational Change. In M. Minniti (ed.), The Dynamics of Entrepreneurship. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 181-208. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199580866.003.0009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199580866.003.0009
View in Google Scholar

European Commission (2015.) Growing the European Silver Economy – Background paper. http://ec.europa.eu/research/innovation-union/pdf/active-healthy-ageing/silvereco.pdf
View in Google Scholar

Eurostat (2023). Self-employment by sex, age and economic activity (from 2008 onwards, NACE Rev. 2) - 1 000. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfsq_esgan2__custom_8456564/default/table?lang=en
View in Google Scholar

Fachinger, U. (2019). Senior Entrepreneurship. Self-employment by Older People – an Uncharted Territory. International Review of Economics & Business, 22, Special Conference Issue, 95-106. https://doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2019-0007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2019-0007
View in Google Scholar

Fachinger, U., & Frankus, A. (2017). Self-employed people and pension: is old age poverty the inevitable dark side of an entrepreneurial society? In Bonnet, J., Dejardin, M., & Garcia-Perez-De-Lema, D. (eds.) Exploring the Entrepreneurial Society, Edward Elgar Publishing, 245-256. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781783472666.00029 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781783472666.00029
View in Google Scholar

Gerstorf, D., Hülür, G., Drewelies, J., Eibich, P., Duezel, S., Demuth, I., Ghisletta, P., Steinhagen-Thiessen, E., Wagner, G. G., & Lindenberg, U. (2015). Secular Changes in Late-life Cognition and Well-being: Towards a Long Bright Future with a Short Brisk Ending? http://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.498497.de/diw_sp0738.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000016
View in Google Scholar

Gielnik, M. M., Zacher, H., & Frese, M. (2012). Focus on opportunities as a mediator of the relationship between business owners' age and venture growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 27(1), 127-142. https//doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.05.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.05.002
View in Google Scholar

Gordon, R. (2016). The Rise and Fall of American Growth. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400873302
View in Google Scholar

Greco, F., Tregua, M., Carignani, F., & Bifulco, F. (2022). Silver entrepreneurship: a new trend in startups. Sinergie Italian Journal of Management, 40(3), 123-148. https://doi.org/10.7433/s119.2022.06
View in Google Scholar

Gusmano, M. K., & Okma, K. G. (2018). Population aging and the sustainability of the welfare state. Hastings Center Report, 48, 57-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/hast.915 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hast.915
View in Google Scholar

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (2023). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2022/2023 – Adapting to a “New Normal”. https://www.gemconsortium.org/reports/latest-global-report
View in Google Scholar

Greco, F., Carignani F., Tregua, M., & Bifulco, F. (2023). Silver entrepreneurship: a new trend in startups. Silver Economy: challenges and opportunities for an aging world, 40 (3), 123-148. doi: 10.7433/s119.2022.06 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7433/s119.2022.06
View in Google Scholar

Gross, E. (2016). The enterprising self and prejudices toward unemployed persons. Zeitschrift für Soziologie, 45 (3), 162-180. https://doi.org/10.1515/zfsoz-2015-1010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/zfsoz-2015-1010
View in Google Scholar

Harms, R., Luck, F., Kraus, S., & Walsh, S. (2014). On the motivational drivers of gray entrepreneurship: An exploratory study. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 89, 358–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2014.08.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2014.08.001
View in Google Scholar

Ilczuk D., Dopierała, Ł., & Bednarz, J. (2023). What are the real motivations and experiences of silver entrepreneurs? Empirical evidence from Poland. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 19 (3), 129-167. https://doi.org/10.7341/20231934 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7341/20231934
View in Google Scholar

Ivanić, V. (2019). Active aging and prerequisites for silver entrepreneurship in Serbia. Stanovnistvo, 57(1), 71-95. https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV181215003I DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/STNV181215003I
View in Google Scholar

Kautonen, T. (2008). Understanding the Older Entrepreneur: Comparing Third Age and Prime Age Entrepreneurs in Finland. International Journal of Business Science and Applied Management, 3(3), 3-13.
View in Google Scholar

Kautonen, T. (2013). Senior entrepreneurship, A background paper for the. Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs and Local Development. University of Turku. https://www.oecd.org/cfe/leed/senior_bp_final.pdf
View in Google Scholar

Kautonen, T., Tornikoski, E. T., & Kibler, E. (2011). Entrepreneurial intentions in the third age: The impact of perceived age norms. Small Business Economics, 37, 219–234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-009-9238-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-009-9238-y
View in Google Scholar

Katz, S. (2000). Busy bodies: Activity, aging, and the management of everyday life. Journal of aging studies, 14(2), 135-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0890-4065(00)80008-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0890-4065(00)80008-0
View in Google Scholar

Kohlbacher, F., Herstatt, C., & Levsen, N. (2015). Golden opportunities for silver innovation: How demographic changes give rise to entrepreneurial opportunities to meet the needs of older people. Technovation, 39-40, 73-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TECHNOVATION.2014.05.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2014.05.002
View in Google Scholar

Körber Stiftung (2018). Aufbruch: Gründergeist und soziale Verantwortung, Ergebnisse einer forsa-Umfrage im Auftrag der Körber-Stiftung zum gesellschaftlichen Potenzial der 50- bis 75-Jährigen. https://koerber-stiftung.de/site/assets/files/22391/2018_aufbruch_gruendergeist_und_soziale_verantwortung.pdf
View in Google Scholar

Lallo, C. & Raitano, M. (2018). Life expectancy inequalities in the elderly by socioeconomic status: evidence from Italy. Population Health Metrics, 16 (7), 1-21. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-018-0163-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-018-0163-7
View in Google Scholar

Lange, G.S., & Johnston, W.J. (2020). The value of business accelerators and incubators–an entrepreneur's perspective. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 35(109, 1563-1572. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-01-2019-0024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-01-2019-0024
View in Google Scholar

Lassen, A., & Moreira, T. (2014). Unmaking old age: Political and cognitive formats of active ageing. Journal of Aging Studies, 30, 33-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2014.03.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2014.03.004
View in Google Scholar

Lassen, A. & Vrangbæk, K. (2021). Retirement transitions in the 21st century: A scoping review of the changing nature of retirement in Europe. International Journal of Ageing and Later Life, 15(1), 39-72. https://doi.org/10.3384/ijal.1652-8670.1501 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3384/ijal.1652-8670.1501
View in Google Scholar

Lawal, S., & Adeniran, D.A. (2022). Assessment of entrepreneurial challenges on opportunity identification of second career entrepreneurs in north-western Nigeria. GPH-International Journal of Business Management. 5 (5), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770909 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24940/theijbm/2022/v10/i3/BM2203-013
View in Google Scholar

Leśna-Wierszołowicz, E. (2018). Silver economy as a response to demographic changes. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, (529), 162-169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2018.529.14
View in Google Scholar

Linardi, M.A., & Costa, J. (2022). Appraising the role of age among senior entrepreneurial intentions. European analysis based on HDI. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 14 (6), 953-975. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-12-2020-0435 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-12-2020-0435
View in Google Scholar

Maâlaoui, A. (Ed.). (2019). Handbook of research on elderly entrepreneurship. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13334-4
View in Google Scholar

Maestas, N., Mullen, K. J., & Powell, D. (2016). The effect of population aging on economic growth, the labor force and productivity (No. w22452). National Bureau of Economic Research. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7249/WR1063-1
View in Google Scholar

Malek, B., Adnane, M., & Imen, S. (2011). Entrepreneurial intention among seniors: An application to French entrepreneurs. In Proceedings of the 2011 Annual Conference of the International Council for Small Business, USA: Washington. 1-17.
View in Google Scholar

Maritz A. (2019). Senior entrepreneurship perspectives in Australia. In Backman, M., Karlsson, C., & Kekezi, C. (eds.), Handbook of research on entrepreneurship and aging, Edward Elgar Publishing, 352–369. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788116213 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788116213.00023
View in Google Scholar

Maritz A., & Eager B. (2017). Senior entrepreneurship themes: An Australian perspective. International Journal of Organizational Innovation, 9(4), 206–221.
View in Google Scholar

Martin, L., & Omrani, N. (2019). Understanding Senior Entrepreneur Behavior. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 27(3), 259-282. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218495819500109 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218495819500109
View in Google Scholar

Matricano, D. (2018). Grey vs. Young Entrepreneurs: Are They Really That Different in Terms of Entrepreneurial Intentions? Empirical Evidence from Italy. International Journal of Business and Management, 13(2), 1-76. https:doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n2p76 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n2p76
View in Google Scholar

McGuirk, H., Conway Lenihan, A., & Lenihan, N. (2022). Awareness and potential of the silver economy for enterprises: a European regional level study. Small Enterprise Research, 29(1), 6-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2021.1919915 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2021.1919915
View in Google Scholar

Mikić, M., Horvatinović, T., & Morić Milovanović, B. (2021). Challenges in the development of senior entrepreneurship. In Barković Bojanić, I., & Erceg, A. (eds), Economics and Aging: Emerging Issues. J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Economics in Osijek, 67-83.
View in Google Scholar

Minarcine, S., & Shaw, C. (2016). Motivations for entrepreneurship. International Journal of the Academic Business World, 10(2), 47–56.
View in Google Scholar

Nasurdin, A. M., Halim, H.A., & Seet, P-.S. (2012). Silver Entrepreneurship Agenda in Malaysia: A Proposed Model for Productive Aging. The Winners, 13(1), 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v13i1.662
View in Google Scholar

OECD & European Commission (2021), The Missing Entrepreneurs 2021: Policies for Inclusive Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/71b7a9bb-en DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/71b7a9bb-en
View in Google Scholar

Patel, S. (2015). Success Can Come at Any Age. Just Look at These 6 Successful Entrepreneurs. https://www.entrepreneur.com/leadership/success-can-come-at-any-age-just-look-at-these-6/241346
View in Google Scholar

Perić, J. (2020). Social entrepreneurship as a mean to boost silver economy growth. In Barković Bojanić, I. & Erceg, A. (eds.) Aging society - Rethinking and Redesigning Retirement, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek - Faculty of Economics in Osijek, 221-232.
View in Google Scholar

Pilkova, A., Rehak, J., & Jancovicova, Z. (2016). Senior entrepreneurship in Central and Eastern European countries: GEM evidences. 4th International Conference Innovation Management, Entrepreneurship and Corporate Sustainability, 571–582. https://doi.org/10.18267/pr.2016.svo.2153.4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18267/pr.2016.svo.2153.4
View in Google Scholar

Prettner, K. (2013). Population aging and endogenous economic growth. Journal of population economics, 26, 811-834. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-012-0441-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-012-0441-9
View in Google Scholar

Ruiu, G., & Breschi, M. (2019). The effect of aging on the innovative behavior of entrepreneurs. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 10(4), 1784-1807. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-019-00612-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-019-00612-5
View in Google Scholar

Roxburgh, C. (2019). The Rise of the Silver Entrepreneur. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/rise-silver-entrepreneur-chris-roxburgh-digital-marketing-expert/
View in Google Scholar

Schröder, E., Schmitt-Rodermund, E., & Arnaud, N. (2011). Career choice intentions of adolescents with a family business background. Family Business Review, 24(4), 305–321. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486511416977 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486511416977
View in Google Scholar

Singh, G., & DeNoble, A. (2003). Early retirees as the next generation of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(3), 207–226. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-8520.T01-1-00001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-8520.t01-1-00001
View in Google Scholar

Stirzaker, R., & Galloway, L. (2017). Ageing and redundancy and the silver lining of entrepreneurship. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 18(2), 105-114. http://doi.org/10.1177/1465750317706441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750317706441
View in Google Scholar

Stirzaker, R., Galloway, L., & Potter, L. (2019). Business, aging, and socioemotional selectivity: A qualitative study of gray entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business Management, 57(S2), 616–636. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12516 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12516
View in Google Scholar

Stjernberg, M., Sigurjónsdóttir, H. R., & Wøien Meijer, M. (2021). Unlocking the potential of silver economy in the Nordic Region. Stockholm: Nordregio. http://doi.org/10.6027/R2021:7.1403-2503 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6027/R2021:7.1403-2503
View in Google Scholar

Stumbitz, B. (2013). Social Entrepreneurship Shaped by the Life Course: A Case Study of Older Social Entrepreneurs in the UK. A Thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements of Middlesex University for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. London, UK: Middlesex University.
View in Google Scholar

Stypinska J., Franke A., & Myrczik J. (2019). Senior Entrepreneurship: The Unrevealed Driver for Social Innovation. Frontiers in Sociology, 4(30), 1-16. https://doi.org/ 10.3389/fsoc.2019.00030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2019.00030
View in Google Scholar

Technopolis & Oxford Economics (2018). The Silver Economy https://www.generacionsavia.org/think-tank/reports/silver-economy-study-en-comision-europea-technopolis-y-oxford-economics-fc8d
View in Google Scholar

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2022). World Population Prospects 2022: Summary of Results. UN DESA/POP/2022/TR/NO. 3. https://desapublications.un.org/file/989/download
View in Google Scholar

Viljamaa, A., Joensuu-Salo, S., & Kangas, E. (2021). Part-time entrepreneurship in the third age: well-being and motives. Small Enterprise Research, 29 (1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2021.2000483 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2021.2000483
View in Google Scholar

Wahrendorf, M. Akinwale, B., Landy, R., Matthews, K., & Blane, D. (2017). Who in Europe Works beyond the State Pension Age and under which Conditions? Results from SHARE. Journal of Population Ageing, 10 (3), 269-285. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12062-016-9160-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12062-016-9160-4
View in Google Scholar

Walker, E. A., & Webster, B. J. (2007). Gender, age and self-employment: Some things change, some stay the same. Women in Management Review, 22(2), 122–135. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420710732088 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420710732088
View in Google Scholar

Weber, P., & Schaper, M. (2004). Understanding the Grey Entrepreneur. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 12(2), 147-164. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218495804000087 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218495804000087
View in Google Scholar

Whzan (N/A). Innovative Virtual Ward Solutions. https://www.whzan.uk
View in Google Scholar

Vogel, E., Ludwig, A., & Börsch-Supan, A. (2017). Aging and pension reform: extending the retirement age and human capital formation. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, 16(1), 81-107. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747215000086 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747215000086
View in Google Scholar

World Economic Forum (2016), The Silver Economy: How 21st-Century Longevity Can Create Markets, Jobs and Drive Economic Growth, Based on the World Economic Forum White Paper. https://www3.weforum.org/docs/IP/2016/HE/B20_WEF_GACAgeing_23%20March.pdf
View in Google Scholar

Yang, Q. Z., Miao, C. Y., & Shen, Z. Q. (2015). Digital services innovation for aging-in-place. In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), Singapore, 569-573. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2015.7385711 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2015.7385711
View in Google Scholar

Zsarnoczky, M. (2018). The New Hope for the EU – Silver Economy. https://www.regionalstudies.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Martin_Zsarnoczky_-_The_New_Hope_for_the_EU_eng.pdf
View in Google Scholar

Downloads

Published

2024-03-29

Versions

Issue

Section

Research article- regular issue

How to Cite

Barković Bojanić, I., Erceg, A., & Damoska Sekuloska, J. (2024). Silver entrepreneurship: A golden opportunity for ageing society. Economics and Business Review, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2024.1.1068

Similar Articles

1-10 of 93

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.